Rankings, theories, behind-the-scenes stories, and fun facts about the adventures of Indiana Jones, the archaeologist who can find anything—except the inner-strength to conquer his own fear of snakes.

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Since his debut in 1981, Indiana Jones has been doing his part to rescue relics and save history from unsavory characters who wish to use the artifacts for malicious means. Watching Indy save the day and the treasure is always a treat, but do you ever wonder if that <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/american-buried-treasure-still-missing/emily-mast">treasure</a> actually existed, and if so, what it would be worth?&nbsp;We looked at the artifacts, treasures, and relics <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/harrison-ford-on-making-indiana-jones/natalie-jonah">Indiana Jones</a> saved and/or found over the years. By comparing them to real-world counterparts, or making real-world guesstimates based on the time period and materials used to create the relic, we came up with how much each treasure might be worth. From the ark of the covenant to the Eye of the Peacock, here are a few artifacts found by Indiana Jones and what they might be worth in the real world. Please vote up the rescued relics whose price tags could launch a crusade of their own.&nbsp;

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The Actual, Real World Value Of All The Artifacts Indiana Jones Finds

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How Much Are The Ancient Artifacts In Indiana Jones Actually Worth?

M. Muir

History

Alligator wrestling, bull leaping, and carcass polo all sound like made-up sports. And yet people in Central America lined up to watch horsemen grab a headless goat carcass, Seminole Indians wrestled alligators, and ancient Minoans jumped over bulls.

When it comes to extreme historical <a href="https://www.ranker.com/list/all-extreme-sports-list/reference" target="_blank">sports</a>, that&#39;s just the beginning. Venetians brawled with each other to claim control of a bridge, Egyptian fisherman tried to drown each other, and Greek wrestlers broke each other&#39;s bones to win games. In ancient Sparta, teenagers played a &quot;game&quot; called krypteia that involved massacring unarmed slaves, and ancient Mayans had to win their game or be sacrificed to the gods.&nbsp;

Unlike modern sports, where players have to follow rules, many of these extreme ancient sports were no holds barred. Vote up the ancient sports that are absurdly extreme.

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14 Extreme Historical Sports, Ranked By How Made-Up They Sound

14 Extreme Ancient Sports That Sound Made Up But Aren’t

Genevieve Carlton

Lists about the fascinating, often brutal customs and rituals about the legendary Norse seafarers.

A Viking's Life for Me

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Viking movies have captivated audiences since the 1950s, transforming Norse warriors, seafaring raiders, and medieval Scandinavian culture into cinematic spectacle. These films range from historically grounded epics filmed across Icelandic landscapes to fantastical adventures mixing mythology with modern storytelling.&nbsp;The genre experienced renewed interest following the success of television series like Vikings and The Last Kingdom, though Viking cinema itself has always maintained a dedicated following. Whether depicting brutal ninth-century raids, adapting Old English poetry like Beowulf, or reimagining Norse mythology through animated features, these movies explore themes of revenge, honor-bound warriors, family loyalty, and the clash between pagan traditions and encroaching Christianity.&nbsp;From Kirk Douglas swinging across longships to Mads Mikkelsen's silent brutality, Viking films have consistently delivered action-driven narratives that blend historical warfare with mythological elements. Help us decide the ultimate Viking flick by voting on your favorites.&nbsp;

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The 25 Best Viking Movies Of All Time, Ranked By Fans

Film

Harper Brooks

Aliens

Ancient&nbsp;history is filled with impressive human&nbsp;achievements -&nbsp;the Pyramids of Giza, the Mayan Long Count Calendar, beer&nbsp;- or maybe that&#39;s just what &quot;they&quot; want you to think. Since the 1960s, a growing&nbsp;contingent of people believes ancient civilizations were contacted by extraterrestrial beings who provided humanity with the knowledge and skills needed to create civilization. According to the <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/21/style/ancient-aliens.html" target="_blank">Ancient Astronaut Theory</a>, aliens built grand monuments,&nbsp;left behind&nbsp;artifacts, and may have even caused certain civilizations to disappear <a class="edS-cl" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/full-cast-of-without-a-trace-cast-list-for-the-show-without-a-trace/reference?ref=internalCrossLinking_keyword">without a trace</a>.

Historians and archaeologists have criticized the theory since it started to gain mainstream popularity with Erich von D&auml;niken&#39;s 1968&nbsp;best-selling book Chariots of the Gods? -&nbsp;but what do you think? Did these ancient civilizations create&nbsp;genuine&nbsp;human marvels or were they the benefactors of&nbsp;interplanetary encounters?

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What Ancient Civilizations Do You Believe Were Contacted By Aliens?

Brenden Donnelly

Many civilizations throughout history have erected enormous buildings and other structures to secure their place in both the present and posterity. Indeed, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/whoa-historic-landmark-facts/alby-thompson">these landmarks</a> are sometimes the only evidence left of past cultures - mute testaments to their greatness.&nbsp;Throughout the world,<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/ancient-monuments-still-standing/pierce-nahigyan"> impressive monuments from antiquity</a> still stand, and they are important not just as archaeological remains, but&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/ancient-tourism-facts/jim-rowley">also for tourism.</a> Every year, more fascinating facts emerge from these constructions of stone, brick, and mortar,&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/whoa-monument-facts/mallory-weiler">shedding important light</a> on the people who produced them, allowing those in the present to gain some insight into the aspirations of those who came before.

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Facts About 14 Ancient Monuments We Can't Believe We're Just Now Learning

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People have been living all around the world for literally thousands of years. Here are some of the most interesting things human beings have ever done (that we know about).

Fascinating Ancient History

Ancient History

Living in the 21st century certainly has its perks&nbsp;&ndash;&nbsp;deoderant, Snapchat, Beyonc&eacute;, and the list goes on. Fortunately for us, we&#39;re aren&#39;t doomed&nbsp;to roam any prehistoric era, when not getting mauled and eaten by a saber-tooth tiger was the most success a person could ask for on any given day. One of the biggest benefit of the modern age would have to be the lack of gargantuan &ndash; and sometimes carnivorous &ndash;&nbsp;prehistoric animals. Creatures of land, sky, and sea <a href="https://www.ranker.com/list/why-prehistoric-animals-were-huge/olivia-pasquarelli" target="_blank">were all significantly larger</a> back then, and although most of these age-old giants have some distant relative still living today,&nbsp;they&#39;re&nbsp;not necessarily what you would expect. Check out the list below for things that were terrifyingly bigger in the prehistoric era.&nbsp; &nbsp;

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Things That Were Terrifyingly Bigger In Prehistoric Times

Animals That Were Terrifyingly Bigger in Prehistoric Times

Jacoby Bancroft

Weird History

The 6th century boasted many exceptional&nbsp;events, people, and historical contributions. The exception, however, was&nbsp;one year that was particularly burdened with a level of tragedy and strife&nbsp;most historians say surpassed any other moment in history: 536 CE. This was the worst part of the Dark Ages.&nbsp;

Calling the medieval period the &quot;<a href="https://www.ranker.com/list/reasons-dark-ages-were-not-dark/melissa-sartore" target="_blank">Dark Ages</a>&quot; may seem to be a&nbsp;bit of an exaggeration to the period overall, but scientists and historians recently determined the worst time to be alive was, in fact, during one of these so-called dark years. Across the globe, from Europe to Asia to South America, civilization stalled as people dealt with hardships brought on by horrific natural events.

Plagues, famines, and natural disasters all contributed to the challenges of 536, as did messy political shifts and cultural upheavals. <a href="https://www.ranker.com/list/what-life-was-like-in-medieval-castles/shanell-mouland" target="_blank">Living in medieval Europe</a> was anything but easy, and the 6th century appeared&nbsp;exceptionally difficult to survive.&nbsp;Don&#39;t worry, though - about 100 years later <a href="https://www.ranker.com/list/how-did-humans-survive-536-ad-worst-year/genevieve-carlton" target="_blank">everything recovered as best it could</a>.

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Historians Agree 536 Was The Worst Year To Be Alive - What Happened?

Reasons 536 CE Was The Worst Year To Be Alive

Melissa Sartore

Today, monuments in the ancient world, from the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/how-ancient-egyptians-moved-pyramid-blocks/stephanroget">Pyramids of Giza</a> to the Roman Pantheon to Cambodia's Angkor Wat, are some of the world's most popular tourism&nbsp;destinations. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/secret-rooms-in-historical-landmarks/jim-rowley">Historical landmarks</a> like these&nbsp;allow visitors to imagine what life would have been like thousands of years before their time, which is a major part of their appeal.But this is not a modern phenomenon. Ancient peoples flocked to tourist destinations for the same reasons people do today: to be enlightened, entertained, and energized.

What Tourism Was Like In The Ancient World

Jim Rowley

Lists about customs, rituals, and daily life in Ancient Rome and the Roman Republic, which ruled the Mediterranean from 8th Century BC until its spectacular collapse in 476 AD.

Rome If You Want To

Roman Empire

<a class="edS-cl" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/biggest-empires-ever-history/melissa-sartore?ref=internalCrossLinking_keyword">The Roman Empire</a> extended throughout the Mediterranean, well into Europe, North Africa, and West Asia. From the early 1st century CE to the early 4th century, the Roman Empire spread its military and culture alike. Later shifting from Rome to Constantinople - where it continued on as the Byzantine Empire - the Roman Empire left an undeniable political and social legacy.&nbsp;

As individuals went about their daily lives in Rome, perhaps watching <a href="https://www.ranker.com/list/roman-colosseum-experience/genevieve-carlton" target="_blank">an event at the Colosseum</a> or visiting the Forum to buy everyday items, life in the Roman Empire was a mixture of excitement and the mundane - not unlike today. Similarly, some popular things in the Roman Empire strongly resemble stuff you use day in and day out. There are some differences, of course, it was the ancient world. But take a look at Roman every day items compared to how they look now!

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20 Everyday Items From The Roman Empire Vs. How They Look Today

20 Everyday Items From Ancient Rome Vs. How They Look Today

Mythology

From Aphrodite to Zeus, all the Greek gods&nbsp;and goddesses&nbsp;oversaw every aspect of the ancient world from marriages and love to wars and plagues. These Greek deities&nbsp;fill tomes with rich stories of their exploits and affairs. Many stories reveal insight into the human condition while others explain the Earth as it is, even to this day. You might recognize Greek god&nbsp;and goddess&nbsp;names in everyday items such as on a street sign or a character in a book series like&nbsp;Percy Jackson and the Olympians. You can find a connection to Greek mythology gods almost anywhere you look.&nbsp;While they no longer hold as much sway as they did in the days of Athens and Sparta these gods still occupy a significant role in society and&nbsp;pop culture.

The family tree of the gods is varied and extensive but this list covers all 14 gods that were said to occupy Mount Olympus depending on stories and translations. Vote up the Greek gods and goddesses you identify with the most or just happen to like more than the others.

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Tutankhamun

Tutankhamen, better known as King Tut, died&nbsp;in 1123 BC. He was just a teenager at the time, but the young pharaoh achieved immortal status when his <a href="http://www.ranker.com/list/everything-found-in-king-tuts-tomb/pierce-nahigyan" target="_blank">tomb was discovered</a> in 1922, and since then, plenty of true&nbsp;facts&nbsp;about King Tut and his life have fascinated scholars and the general public. Myth and lore surround the pharaoh, with theories abounding&nbsp;about his lineage and enduring curse.

Among the misinformation and outlandish stories are several <a class="edS-cl" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/whoa-king-tut-facts/mallory-weiler?ref=internalCrossLinking_keyword">things about King Tut</a> that may sound fake, but are completely accurate. Mummified appendages, body deformities, and royal inbreeding are just a few amazing aspects of King Tut&#39;s&nbsp;real story.&nbsp;

Facts About King Tut That Sound Made Up - But Aren't

Facts About King Tut That Sound Made Up

Exploring the folklore, stories, and teachings in different cultures around the globe and throughout history.

Mythology Around the World

Greek mythology remains popular thousands of years after the stories were first penned. Modern culture is filled with&nbsp;retellings that include everything from the Percy Jackson&nbsp;books to Disney&#39;s Hercules; however,&nbsp;some pop culture references to Greek mythology are more obscure than others.&nbsp;

The <a href="https://www.ranker.com/list/weirdest-greek-myths/laura-allan" target="_blank">weird</a> and wild world of Zeus and the Olympians is so embedded in Western culture that it can manifest&nbsp;without most people&nbsp;even noticing. Some of the most popular stories would hardly&nbsp;be as clever or visually striking without the details they borrowed from the ancient Greeks.

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Mythological Easter Eggs Hiding In Pop Culture

Greek Mythology Easter Eggs In Pop Culture

Ryan Sargent

Given the&nbsp;elaborately stocked tombs and hieroglyphics depicting people in eye makeup and crisp linen outfits, it appears hygiene was important to ancient Egyptian society. While Egyptians did have an obsession with cleanliness and a desire to appear aesthetically perfect, the methods they used to beautify and cleanse themselves were limited to what they had to work with. Many things modern societies have come to associate with ancient Egyptians, such as dark eye makeup and wigs, were adopted not only for appearances but also as methods of survival in an area scorched by the sun and an era plagued by insects, vermin, and parasites.

Lacking&nbsp;sanitation and other modern conveniences, societies like ancient Egypt&nbsp;had to get creative and resourceful to survive. The Egyptians&#39; use of makeup and methods of cleaning bodies helped inspire many of the soaps, cosmetics, and perfumes popularized in later eras. The biggest quality-of-life variable for ancient Egyptians was social class. Whether they owned a toilet or had to bathe (among other things)&nbsp;in a crocodile-infested river, ancient Egyptians had a great number of hygienic idiosyncrasies that made their society unique.

What Was Hygiene Like In Ancient Egypt?

What Was Ancient Egyptian Hygiene Like?

Erin McCann

Ancient Greece

In the Iliad, Odysseus plays a key role in the effort to retrieve Helen of Troy after she was kidnapped. Once that conflict ends, Odysseus spent 10 years trying to get home to his family and his place on the throne of Itaca. He was the hero of the Trojan War and central character in the Odyssey, and yet Odysseus endured a lot of suffering.&nbsp;Odysseus was not perfect, however, and made some really bad decisions throughout his life. While fighting the Trojan War, Odysseus seemed to take joy in the deaths of his enemies. After the war, Odysseus similarly showed himself to be plagued by challenges and poor judgment alike, but he definitely endured some awful circumstances.&nbsp;After Odysseus and his men left Troy, they entered the land of the Cicones before continuing onto the Island of the Lotus-Eaters. From there, they encountered Polyphemus the Cyclops, the Wind King on the Island of Aeolus, the man-eating Laestrygonians on their island, and Circe's Island of Aeaea - all before entering the Underworld. After that, the Sirens, Scylla, and Charybdis (a six-headed monster and a whirlpool), sacred cattle, Calypso, and the fight to get back his land all make Odysseus' life and journey pretty awful.&nbsp;

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The Worst Things That Happened To Odysseus, Ranked

Everything That Happened To Odysseus In 'The Odyssey'

Entertainment

For us mere mortals, mythology and the world of ancient Greece and the gods has been a fascinating subject for thousands of years. So it makes sense that filmmakers have been drawing inspiration from Greek mythology almost since the advent of the medium. Mythological stories tend to be rich with drama, action, and betrayal, none more so than Greek mythology where humans lived in harmony or discord with their gods.&nbsp;These interactions often led to grand adventures that make for great movies. Other films like Hercules in New York and Mighty Aphrodite take elements from Greek mythology and place them in modern settings. Ideas like these have also been the basis for many <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/best-shows-about-greek-mythology/ranker-tv">TV shows about Greek mythology</a> as well.It’s really no wonder why popular directors like Zack Snyder, Oliver Stone, and the Coen&nbsp;Brothers have all made movies that bring the Greek mythos to the silver screen. But which one of these movies is the best? You get to help decide by voting up your favorite Greek mythology movies. The best part is that you can vote for more than one, you’ll be helping other fans find out what to watch next. Thanks to streaming services like Netflix, Hulu, HBO Max, and Amazon Prime, you can start watching a lot of these movies right now.

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The Best Movies About Greek Mythology

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Looking closer at actors and actresses who have played the *exact* same role.

Familiar Faces

Cleopatra

We’re ranking the best Cleopatra actresses of all time. As one of the most enigmatic and fascinating characters in antiquity, Cleopatra is often portrayed as being powerful, pragmatic, and sensual. Yes, she might have conquered Julius Caesar’s heart, but there’s still so much we don’t know about her. In fact, the mythos of Cleopatra has become so popular that it’s hard to separate fact from fiction.From the very first films, actresses have portrayed their own unique version of Cleopatra. While Vivien Leigh captured Cleopatra’s charm in 1945’s Caesar and Cleopatra, Sophia Loren brought the heat to the big screen in her breakout performance in 1954’s Due notti con Cleopatra, which translates to Two Nights with Cleopatra. Elizabeth Taylor also turned a few heads with her classic portrayal in 1963’s Cleopatra, and Monica&nbsp;Bellucci played Cleopatra in&nbsp;Asterix &amp; Obelix. Which actress is your favorite?Vote up the best Cleopatra actresses to see who tops the list.

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The Best Actresses Who Played Cleopatra, Ranked

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Ranking Every Actress To Play Cleopatra, Best To Worst

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Ancient History lists at Ranker - The ultimate source for hundreds of ancient history lists and rankings